Mabhatiri eti lithium anorondedzerwa sezvinhu zvine ngozi here?

Ehe, mabhatiri e lithium anoiswa sezvinhu zvine njodzi.

Zvinoenderana nemirairo yenyika sengeZvinokurudzirwa pamusoro pekutakurwa kwezvinhu zvine ngozi(TDG), ivoInternational Maritime Dangerous Goods Code(IMDG Code), uye iyoMirayiridzo Yeunyanzvi Yekufambisa Kwakachengeteka Kwezvinhu Zvine Ngozi neMheporakabudiswa neInternational Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), lithium mabhatiri anowira pasi peKirasi 9: Miscellaneous zvinhu zvine njodzi uye zvinyorwa, zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvine ngozi.

Kune matatu makuru mapoka emabhatiri e-lithium ane nhamba 5 dzeUN dzakarongedzerwa zvichienderana nemisimboti yekushandisa uye nzira dzekufambisa:

• Standalone lithium mabhatiri: Anogona zvakare kukamurwa kuita lithium simbi mabhatiri uye lithium-ion mabhatiri, anoenderana neUN nhamba UN3090 uye UN3480, zvichiteerana.
• Lithium mabhatiri akaiswa mumidziyo: Saizvozvo, iwo akakamurwa kuita lithium simbi mabhatiri uye lithium-ion mabhatiri, anoenderana neUN nhamba UN3091 uye UN3481, zvichiteerana.
• Motokari dzine simba rebhatiri reLithium kana midziyo inozvifambisa yega: Mienzaniso inosanganisira motokari dzemagetsi, mabhasikoro emagetsi, zvikuta zvemagetsi, mawiricheya emagetsi, zvichingodaro, zvinoenderana nenhamba yeUN3171.

Ko lithium mabhatiri anoda zvinhu zvine njodzi kurongedza?

Zvinoenderana nemirairo yeTDG, lithium mabhatiri anoda zvinhu zvine njodzi kurongedza anosanganisira:

• Lithium simbi mabhatiri kana lithium alloy mabhatiri ane lithium inodarika 1g.
• Lithium simbi kana lithium alloy bhatiri mapaketi ane yakazara lithium yemukati inodarika 2g.
• Lithium-ion mabhatiri ane chiyero chakayerwa chinodarika makumi maviri Wh, uye lithium-ion bhatiri mapaketi ane chiyero chakayerwa chinodarika zana Wh.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti mabhatiri e-lithium anoburitswa kubva kune zvine njodzi zvinhu kurongedza achiri kuda kuratidza iyo watt-awa rating pane yekunze kurongedza. Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vanofanirwa kuratidza inowirirana lithium bhatiri mamaki, ayo anosanganisira dzvuku dashed muganho uye dema chiratidzo chinoratidza njodzi yemoto yebhatiri mapaketi nemaseru.

Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvekuyedzwa zvisati zvatumirwa mabhatiri e lithium?

Vasati vatumirwa mabhatiri eLithium ane manhamba eUN UN3480, UN3481, UN3090, uye UN3091, vanofanirwa kuita bvunzo dzakatevedzana sezviri muChikamu 38.3 cheChikamu III cheUnited Nations'.Zvinokurudzira pamusoro peKutakurwa kwezvinhu zvine ngozi - Bhuku reMiedzo uye Mamiriro. Iwo maedzo anosanganisira: altitude simulation, thermal cycling test (yakakwirira uye yakaderera tembiricha), vibration, kudedera, yekunze pfupi dunhu pa55 ℃, kukanganisa, kupwanya, kuwandisa, uye kumanikidzwa kubuda. Aya bvunzo anoitwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekufambisa kwakachengeteka kwemabhatiri e-lithium.

Ndeapi maitiro ekutumira mabhatiri e lithium?

Maererano neChinyorwa 17 cheMutemo Wevanhu's Republic of China pane Kupinza uye Export Commodity Inspection, mabhizinesi anogadzira midziyo yekurongedza yekutumira kunze zvinhu zvine njodzi anofanirwa kunyorera kune vanoongorora uye nekuvharirwa zviremera kuti zviongororwe mashandiro emidziyo yekurongedza. Mabhizinesi anogadzira uye kutumira kunze zvinhu zvine njodzi anofanirwa kunyorera kuongororwa kwekushandiswa kwemidziyo yekurongedza kubva kune yekuongorora uye kuvharirwa zviremera. Naizvozvo, kune mabhatiri e-lithium akarongedzerwa mukutakura zvinhu zvine njodzi, bhizinesi rinofanirwa kunyorera kutsika dzemuno kurongedza mashandiro ekuongorora uye kushandisa ongororo isati yatumirwa kunze kwenyika. Iyo bhizinesi inofanirwa kuwana iyoOutbound Goods Transportation Packaging Performance Inspection Result FormuyeInobuda Nengozi Yekutakura Zvinhu Zvekufambisa Packaging Shandisa Ongororo Result Form. Maitiro ekunyora anogona kurerutswa zvinoenderana nemirairo yakakodzera sengeKuzivisa pamusoro peDigitization yeKuongorora uye Quarantine Documents.

Mabhizinesi anogadzira mapeji ekutumira kunze zvinhu zvine njodzi anofanira kushanda kune tsika dzemuno kuneOutbound Goods Transportation Packaging Performance Inspection Result Form. Nguva yekushanda kwefomu inotarwa zvichibva pane hunhu hwemudziyo wekurongedza uye hunhu hwezvinhu zvainotakura, kazhinji isingadariki mwedzi gumi nemiviri kubva pazuva rekugadzirwa kwemidziyo. Kana zvinhu zvikasatumirwa mukati menguva yechokwadi, uye kurongedza kwekunze kuri mumamiriro akanaka, bhizinesi rinogona kunyorera zvakare kurongedza kuita kwekuongorora. Mushure mekupasa ongororo, fomu rakavandudzwa rinogona kushandiswa kutengeswa kunze kwenyika uye richaramba riripo kweinosvika mwedzi mitanhatu kubva pazuva rekuongorora.

Mabhizinesi anogadzira zvinhu zvine njodzi (kureva, lithium bhatiri mugadziri kana mutengesi kunze) anofanirwa kunyorera kutsika dzemuno kuneInobuda Nengozi Yekutakura Zvinhu Zvekufambisa Packaging Shandisa Ongororo Result Form. Mabhatiri e lithium anofanira kuratidza simba rakayerwa (W · h). Panguva yekuitwa kweiyo inobuda ine njodzi yekutakurwa kwekutakura kwekushandisa ongororo, tsika dzinofunga zvinotevera maitiro ekufanirwa:

• Akajeka, akachengeteka, uye aruramisa mamakisi ekurongedza eUN, ruzivo rwebatch, uye zviratidzo zvezvinhu zvine njodzi zvinofanirwa kudhindwa pachigadziko chekurongedza. Izvo zvinomaka, zviratidzo, uye kurongedza zvinofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa.
• Kutaridzika kwekunze kwekurongedza kunofanirwa kuve kwakachena, pasina masara, kusvibiswa, kana kuvuza kunobvumidzwa.
• Paunenge uchichengetedza mapuranga kana fiberboard mabhokisi ane zvipikiri, anofanirwa kurovererwa zvakasimba, uye matipi ezvipikiri anofanira kukotama pasi. Mazano ezvipikiri nemakepisi hazvifanirwe kubuda. Muviri webhokisi unofanirwa kunge wakamira, uye tambo dzinofanira kunge dzakasimba kutenderedza bhokisi. Makora emabhokisi emabhokisi anofanira kunge asina kukuvara, ane yakatsetseka uye yakasimba yakavharwa yakavharwa, uye tambo dzinofanira kusimba dzakatenderedza bhokisi.
• Panofanira kunge paine zvisiri-conductive zvinhu pakati pemabhatiri ega ega kana mabhatiri mapaketi nemabhatiri akaturikidzana kudzivirira kusangana.
• Mabhatiri anofanirwa kunge aine zvidziviriro zvenguva pfupi.
• Maelectrode emabhatiri haafanire kutsigira huremu hwemamwe mabhatiri akaturikidzana.
• Zvikumbiro zvakakosha zvekurongedza mabhatiri e-lithium kana mabhatiri mapaketi ari mumitemo yepasirese inofanirwa kusangana.

Common Violations

Kubva pakutyorwa kwakajairwa mukutengeswa kwebhatiri relithium, nyaya huru dzinoonekwa netsika dzinosanganisira: makambani anotadza kunyoreraInobuda Nengozi Yekutakura Zvinhu Zvekufambisa Packaging Shandisa Ongororo Result Formpasina kusangana nemamiriro ekuregererwa; lithium bhatiri mamaki pane yekunze yekurongedza yakavharwa kana kusaratidzwa sezvinodiwa.

Matambudziko Mazita

• Ko lithium bhatiri yekutakura mavara inogona kudhindwa paA4 bepa?

Hazvikurudzirwi kudhinda paA4 bepa sezvo inogona kutungamirira nyore kukuvadza kana kuvharwa. Pakutakura negungwa, mavara ekufambisa anofanira kuramba akajeka uye achionekwa kunyange mushure mekunyura mumvura yegungwa kwemwedzi inopfuura mitatu.

• Malebula ekutakura eKirasi 9 muTDG anosanganisira rondedzero yakadhindwa here? Mapepa asina dashed mutsara anoonekwa seasingaite here?

Zvinoenderana nemirairo yemavara muChikamu 5.2.2.2, TDG Vhoriyamu 2, kana iyo label yakanamirwa kune inosiyanisa kumashure, hapana chikonzero chekudonhedza kumucheto kwekunze netambo yakadhindwa.

Maitiro ekuita ongororo yekushandiswa kwelithium bhatiri magetsi ekuchengetedza makabati ane saizi inodarika chiyero chenjodzi yekurongedza kurongedza kushandiswa kwekuongorora?

Kune makabati ekuchengetedza simba ane akavakirwa-mukati mabhatiri e-lithium, sezvo achishaya ekunze kurongedza, haawire mukati mechikamu chenjodzi yekurongedza zvinhu zvekuongorora. Naizvozvo, hapana chikonzero chekuendesa magwaro kune tsika kune zvine njodzi kurongedza kushandiswa kwekushandisa appraisal.

Zvinodiwa zvekupinzwa kunze kwe lithium-ion mabhatiri?

zvinhu zvine njodzi kurongedza ongororo.

Nekupinza kwe lithium mabhatiri, UN38.3 report yakakwana, uye hapana chikonzero chekupfuura.