Background

Mabhatiri eLithium-ion ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya semabhatiri ekuchajiswa kubva kuma1990s nekuda kwehukuru hwawo hwekudzoreredza uye kugadzikana kwekutenderera. Nekuwedzera kukuru kwemutengo welithium uye kuwedzera kuri kuda kwelithium uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvemabhatiri e lithium-ion, kushaikwa kuri kuwedzera kwezvigadzirwa zvemabhatiri ethium kuri kutimanikidza kuti tiongorore matsva uye akachipa emagetsi masisitimu zvichienderana nezvakawanda zviripo. . Mabhatiri e-sodium-ion anodhura akaderera ndiwo akanakisa sarudzo. Sodium-ion bhatiri rakapotsa rawanikwa pamwe chete nebhatiri re lithium-ion, asi nekuda kweiyo yakakura ion radius uye yakaderera simba, vanhu vanofarira kudzidza lithium magetsi, uye tsvagiridzo yesodium-ion bhatiri yakapotsa yamira. Nekukurumidza kukura kwemotokari dzemagetsi uye indasitiri yekuchengetedza simba mumakore achangopfuura, iyo sodium-ion bhatiri, iyo yakarongedzerwa panguva imwe chete se lithium-ion bhatiri, yakakwezva zvakare vanhu.'s kutarisisa.

Lithium, sodium uye potasium ese ane alkali simbi muperiodic tafura yezvinhu. Iwo ane akafanana emuviri uye makemikari zvimiro uye anogona kushandiswa sechipiri bhatiri zvinhu mudzidziso. Sodium zviwanikwa zvakapfuma kwazvo, zvakaparadzirwa zvakanyanya muPasi crust uye zviri nyore kubvisa. Sekutsiva lithium, sodium yakabhadharwa zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kutariswa mumunda webhatiri. Bhatirimugadzirisscramblekuvhura tekinoroji nzira yesodium-ion bhatiri.Kutungamira Maonero eKumhanyisa Kuvandudzwa kweNew Energy Storage, Sainzi uye Tekinoroji Innovation Plan muEnergy Field panguva yechigumi nemana yeMakore mashanu Chirongwa Period.,uyeImplementation Plan yeKuvandudzwa kweNzvimbo Yekuchengetera Magetsi panguva yechigumi nemana yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanuyakabudiswa neNational Development and Reform Commission uye National Energy Administration vakataura nezvekugadzira chizvarwa chitsva chepamusoro-chinoita chekuchengetedza magetsi emagetsi akadai sesodium-ion mabhatiri. Bazi reIndasitiri neRuzivo rweTekinoroji (MIIT) rakasimudzirawo mabhatiri matsva, senge sodium-ion mabhatiri, seballast yekusimudzira indasitiri yemagetsi matsva. Maindasitiri zviyero zvemabhatiri e-sodium-ion ariwo mumabasa. Zvinotarisirwa kuti sezvo indasitiri inowedzera kudyara, tekinoroji inokura uye cheni yeindasitiri inovandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, bhatiri resodium-ion rine mutengo wakakwira unotarisirwa kutora chikamu chemusika webhatiri welithium-ion.

Sodium-ion bhatiri rinopesana ne lithium-ion bhatiri

• Carbon negative electrode yesodium-ion bhatiri ine mutengo wakaderera uye hombe yekugadziridza nzvimbo pane iyo yegraphite.
• Aluminium foil inogona kushandiswa semuunganidzi wezvino weiyo yakanaka uye yakaipa electrode yesodium-ion mabhatiri. Lithium-ion mabhatiri ane kushomeka kwakashata uye anofanirwa kushandisa foil yemhangura isina kusvibiswa. Mabhatiri e-sodium-ion, kune rumwe rutivi, ane simba rakakwirira rakashata, saka haasanganisi nesodium. Aluminium foil ine huremu hwakaderera uye inodhura pane foil yemhangura.
• Mune electrolyte, solubility yeNa⁺ inenge 30% yakaderera pane iyo yeLi⁺. Chiyero chekuparara chakakwirira, uye kubhadharisa kutengesa kupikisa pa electrode - electrolyte interface iduku, iyo inopa zviri nani electrode dynamics. Naizvozvo, chiyero chekubuda chesodium-ion charge chakakwira pakupisa kwepamusoro uye tembiricha yakaderera, uye tembiricha yakaderera kuita yakanakisa, uye inogona kubhadhariswa nekukurumidza.
• Sodium-ion mabhatiri ane yakafara sarudzo yakanaka electrode zvinhu. Anenge ese ekuchinja simbi zvinhu mumutsara wekutanga weperiodic tafura inogona kushandiswa mumabhatiri e-sodium-ion. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemusiyano mukuru pakati peNa⁺ (radius 0.102nm) uye shanduko yesimbi ions (radius 0.05-0.07nm), iyo inobatsira pakuparadzaniswa kwavo.
• Iko kupikisa kwemukati kwebhatiri ye-sodium-ion yakakwirira kudarika yebhatiri ye-lithium-ion. Muchiitiko chenguva pfupi, kupisa kwepakarepo kuduku, kukwira kwekushisa kunononoka uye kupisa kunopisa kunopisa kwakakwirira kudarika ye lithiamu bhatiri, saka bhatiri ye-sodium-ion yakachengeteka.
• Iyo yakakura radius ye-sodium-ion inogona kutungamirira kune kuputika kwezvinhu kana ichibviswa kubva kune electrode zvinhu, nokudaro inokanganisa kuzara kwekinetic kushanda kwebheteri uye kuvimbika kwe electrode.
• Sodium ine yakakwira mwero wemagetsi emagetsi (0.33V yakakwira kupfuura lithium), zvichikonzera kuderera kwesimba uye kuita kuti zviome kukwikwidza nemabhatiri e-lithium-ion muchikamu chemagetsi.

Kufambira mberi kwetsvagurudzo

Mumakore achangopfuura, tsvagiridzo yemabhatiri e-sodium-ion inosanganisira yepamusoro-cobalt-isina cathode zvinhu zvesodium-ion mabhatiri, yakaderera-mutengo polyanionic sulfate yeiyo yakanaka electrode yesodium-ion mabhatiri, nano-pb makomisheni anoshandiswa mune yakanaka electrode yesodium. -ion ​​mabhatiri, kutsvagisa kwekutanga pane organic anode zvinhu zvesodium-ion mabhatiri kune anogona kutengeserana maapplication, tin-based metal oxides uye sulfides anoshandiswa seanode zvinhu zvesodium-ion mabhatiri, Nanoengineering ye advanced carbon zvinhu mumabhatiri e-sodium-ion, uye kushandiswa. ye advanced in situ characterization mukudzidza kwesodium-ion mabhatiri. Kazhinji, ichiri hotspot yekutsvagisa kuti uwane yakakwira performance yakanaka uye yakaipa electrode zvinhu kubva kune optimize gadziriso nzira, kuvandudza nzira dzekugadzirira uye kuongorora sodium yekuchengetedza nzira yekuvandudza kukwikwidza kwese kwesodium-ion mabhatiri.