Maodzanyemba America: Zvitsva zvekuchengetedza zviyero zvebhatani / mari yebhatiri zvigadzirwa
North America: Mitsva yekuchengetedza zviyero zvebhatani/mari bhatirizvigadzirwa,
bhatani/mari bhatiri,
▍ Chii chinonzi cTUVus & ETL CERTIFICATION?
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), yakabatana neUS DOL (Department of Labor), inoda kuti zvigadzirwa zvese zvinofanirwa kushandiswa munzvimbo yebasa zviongororwe nekupihwa zvitupa neNRTL zvisati zvatengeswa pamusika.Miyero yekuyedza inoshanda inosanganisira American National Standards Institute (ANSI) zviyero;American Society for Testing Material (ASTM) zviyero, Underwriter Laboratory (UL) zviyero, uye fekitori mutual-recognition sangano zviyero.
▍OSHA, NRTL, cTUVus, ETL uye UL tsananguro yematemu nehukama
OSHA:Kupfupisa kweOccupational Safety uye Health Administration.Iyo mubatanidzwa weUS DOL (Dhipatimendi reVashandi).
NRTL:Kupfupisa kweNationally Recognized Testing Laboratory.Iyo inotarisira kubvumidzwa kwe lab.Kusvika parizvino, kune gumi nemasere echitatu-bato rekuyedza masangano akabvumidzwa neNRTL, kusanganisira TUV, ITS, MET zvichingodaro.
cTUVus:Certification chiratidzo cheTUVRh muNorth America.
ETL:Kupfupisa kweAmerican Electrical Testing Laboratory.Yakavambwa muna 1896 naAlbert Einstein, muvambi weAmerica.
UL:Nhoroondo ye Underwriter Laboratories, Inc.
▍Musiyano pakati pecTUVus, ETL & UL
| Item | UL | cTUVus | ETL |
| Kushandiswa mwero | Same | ||
| Institution inokwanisa kuwana risiti yechitupa | NRTL (rabhoritari yakabvumidzwa nenyika) | ||
| Applied market | North America (US neCanada) | ||
| Testing uye certification institution | Underwriter Laboratory (China) Inc inoita bvunzo uye inoburitsa tsamba yekupedzisa chirongwa | MCM inoita bvunzo uye TUV nyaya chitupa | MCM inoita bvunzo uye TUV nyaya chitupa |
| Nguva yekutungamira | 5-12W | 2-3W | 2-3W |
| Mari yekushandisa | Wepamusoro pazera | Inenge 50 ~ 60% yeUL mutengo | Inenge 60 ~ 70% yeUL mutengo |
| Advantage | Nzvimbo yekuAmerica yemuno ine kuzivikanwa kwakanaka muUS neCanada | An International institution ine masimba uye inopa mutengo unonzwisisika, zvakare unozivikanwa neNorth America | Sangano reAmerica rine kuzivikanwa kwakanaka muNorth America |
| Kukanganisa |
| Kuzivikanwa kushoma kwemhando pane iyo yeUL | Kuzivikanwa kushoma pane kuya kweUL mukupihwa chitupa chechikamu chechigadzirwa |
▍ Neiko MCM?
● Tsigiro yakapfava kubva kuhunyanzvi uye tekinoroji:Seyapupu yekuyedza lab yeTUVRH neITS muNorth America Certification, MCM inokwanisa kuita marudzi ese ekuyedza uye nekupa sevhisi iri nani nekuchinjana tekinoroji chiso nechiso.
● Tsigiro yakaoma kubva kune tekinoroji:MCM inoshongedzerwa nemidziyo yese yekuyedza mabhatiri ehukuru-hukuru, diki-hukuru uye chaiyo mapurojekiti (kureva yemagetsi nharembozha, simba rekuchengetera, uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi edhijitari), inokwanisa kupa bhatiri rese rekuyedza uye masevhisi etifiketi muNorth America, inovhara zviyero. UL2580, UL1973, UL2271, UL1642, UL2054 zvichingodaro.
United States ichangobva kuburitsa sarudzo mbiri dzekupedzisira muFederal Register
Kushanda zuva: kutanga kushanda kubva Gumiguru 23, 2023. Tichifunga nezve kuwanikwa kwekuyedza, Komisheni ichapa mazuva zana nemakumi masere ekuchinja kwekutevedzwa kubva munaGunyana 21, 2023 kusvika Kurume 19, 2024.
Mutemo wekupedzisira: sanganisira UL 4200A-2023 mumitemo yemubatanidzwa semutemo unosungirwa kuchengetedza chigadzirwa chevatengi kune zvigadzirwa zvevatengi zvine maseru emari kana mabhatiri emari.
Kushanda zuva: tanga kushanda kubva munaGunyana 21, 2024.
Mutemo wekupedzisira: izvo zvinodikanwa zvekunyora kwebhatani sero kana coin bhatiri kurongedza zvinoda kuzadzisa zvinodiwa 16 CFR Chikamu 1263. Sezvo UL 4200A-2023 isingabatanidzi kunyoreswa kwebhatiri kurongedza, kunyora kunodiwa pabhatani cell kana coin bhatiri kurongedza.
Kunobva sarudzo dzese dziri mbiri imhaka yekuti US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) yakabvumidza mwero muvhoti yazvino- ANSI/UL 4200A-2023, inosungirwa mitemo yekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa zvevatengi zvine mabhatani maseru kana mabhatani mabhatiri.
Pakutanga muna Kukadzi 2023, maererano nezvinodiwa zve "Reese's Law" zvakaziviswa muna Nyamavhuvhu 16, 2022, CPSC yakaburitsa Notice yeProposed Rulemaking (NPR) kuti igadzirise kuchengetedzeka kwezvinhu zvevatengi zvine mabhatani maseru kana mabhatiri mabhatani (zvichireva MCM 34th Journal).
