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Azvino indasitiri mazwi makuru,
European magetsi,
▍ Chii chinonzi GOST-R Declaration?
GOST-R Declaration of Conformity igwaro rekuzivisa kuratidza kuti zvinhu zvinoteedzerwa neRussia kuchengetedza mitemo. Pakaburitswa Mutemo wechigadzirwa uye Certification Service neRussian Federation muna 1995, inomanikidzwa chigadzirwa certification system yakatanga kushanda muRussia. Zvinoda kuti zvigadzirwa zvese zvinotengeswa mumusika weRussia zvidhindwe neGOST inosungirwa chitupa chiratidzo.
Seimwe yenzira dzekumanikidzira kuenderana certification, Gost-R Declaration of Conformity yakavakirwa pamishumo yekuongorora kana hunhu hwekutonga system chitupa. Pamusoro pezvo, Declaration of Conformity ine hunhu hwekuti inogona kungopihwa kusangano repamutemo reRussia izvo zvinoreva kuti munyoreri (ane) wechitupa anogona kungova kambani yeRussia yakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo kana hofisi yekunze yakanyoreswa muRussia.
▍GOST-R Declaration Type uye Validity
1. SingleShipmentCertificate
Chitupa chimwe chete chekutumira chinongoshanda kune yakatsanangurwa batch, yakatsanangurwa chigadzirwa chakapihwa muchibvumirano. Ruzivo rwakadzama rwuri pasi pekutonga, senge zita rechinhu, huwandu, yakatarwa, chibvumirano uye Russian mutengi.
2. Certificate nehuchokwadi hwegore rimwe
Kana chigadzirwa chapihwa chitupa, vagadziri vanogona kutumira zvigadzirwa kuRussia mukati megore 1 pasina muganho wenguva yekutumira uye huwandu kune chaiyo mutengi.
3. Certificate nehuchokwadi hwemakore matatu/mashanu
Kana chigadzirwa changopihwa chitupa, vagadziri vanogona kutumira zvigadzirwa kuRussia mukati memakore matatu kana mashanu pasina muganho wenguva yekutumira uye huwandu kune chaiyo mutengi.
▍ Neiko MCM?
●MCM ine boka remainjiniya kuti vadzidze Russian mirau ichangoburwa, vachiona kuti dzichangoburwa GOST-R certification nhau dzinogona kugoverwa nemazvo uye nenguva nevatengi.
●MCM inovaka kushandirapamwe kwepedyo nevenzvimbo iyo yekutanga-yakasimbiswa setifiketi sangano, ichipa yakagadzikana uye inoshanda sevhisi setifiketi kune vatengi.
▍ Chii chinonzi EAC?
Maererano neTheRelevant Common Criteria uye Mitemo yeTechnical Regulations yeKazakhstan, Belarus neRussian Federationinova chibvumirano chakasainwa neRussia, Belarus neKazakhstan muna Gumiguru 18 2010, Customs Union Committee ichazvipira kugadzira yunifomu mwero uye zvinodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwechigadzirwa. Chitupa chimwe chinoshanda kune nyika nhatu, iyo inoumba Russia-Belarus-Kazakhstan CU-TR certification ine yunifomu chiratidzo EAC. Regulation inotanga kushanda zvishoma nezvishoma kubva Kukadzi 15th2013. Muna January 2015, Armenia neKyrgyzstan dzakabatana neCustoms Union.
▍CU-TR Chitupa Rudzi uye Kushanda
- SingleShipmentCertificate
Chitupa chimwe chete chekutumira chinongoshanda kune yakatsanangurwa batch, yakatsanangurwa chigadzirwa chakapihwa muchibvumirano. Ruzivo rwakadzama rwuri pasi pekutonga, senge zita rechinhu, huwandu, chibvumirano chechibvumirano uye mutengi weRussia. Paunenge uchinyorera chitupa, hapana masampuli anokumbirwa kupa asi zvinyorwa neruzivo zvinodikanwa.
- Certificatepamwechokwadiyegore rimwe
Kana chigadzirwa chapihwa chitupa, vagadziri vanogona kutumira zvigadzirwa kuRussia mukati megore 1 pasina muganho wenguva yekutumira uye huwandu.
- Chitupa chine chokwadi chetatugores
Kana chigadzirwa chapihwa chitupa, vagadziri vanogona kutumira zvigadzirwa kuRussia mukati memakore matatu pasina muganho wenguva yekutumira uye huwandu.
- Chitupa chine mvumo yemakore mashanu
Kana chigadzirwa changopihwa chitupa, vagadziri vanogona kutumira zvigadzirwa kuRussia mukati memakore mashanu pasina muganho wenguva yekutumira uye huwandu.
▍ Neiko MCM?
●MCM ine boka pf nyanzvi mainjiniya kuti vadzidze tsika yemubatanidzwa zvitupa mirau ichangoburwa, uye kupa yepedyo mapurojekiti ekutevera masevhisi, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvevatengi zvinopinda munharaunda zvakanaka uye zvinobudirira.
●Zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvakaunganidzwa kuburikidza neindasitiri yebhatiri zvinoita kuti MCM ipe sevhisi inoshanda uye yakaderera-mutengo kune mutengi.
●MCM inovaka kubatana kwepedyo nemasangano akakodzera emunharaunda, kuve nechokwadi kuti ruzivo rwazvino rweCU-TR certification rwakagovaniswa nemazvo uye nenguva nevatengi.
Kushomeka kwebhatiri, LG Chem, CTP-LFP, Cobalt yemahara,European magetsi, motokari yakareruka
Nhau nezviitiko zvakakosha:
1. Kudiwa kwebhatiri remagetsi kunotarisirwa kusvika ku406GWh muna 2023, nekushomeka kunofungidzirwa kwe18%.
2. LG Chem nePanasonic vakapinda muTOP 10 kekutanga.
3. BMW yakaisa mamiriyoni 490 eyuan mukuvandudza bhatiri.
4. Ningde Era CTP-LFP bhatiri "enda kugungwa" muGermany.
5. Panasonic ichaunza mabhatiri asina cobalt muna 2022.
6. Kusimuka kwemusika wemagetsi weEurope.
7. Iyo lithium bhatiri yekutakura yemotokari yakareruka inotarisirwa kudarika 25GWh muna 2023.
Ongororo yenhau:
1. Iyo data inofanotaura kuti panosvika 2023, kudiwa kwemabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi kunotarisirwa kuve 406GWh, nepo kupihwa kunotarisirwa kuve 335GWh, nekushomeka kweanenge 18%. Mamiriro ezvinhu anotarisirwa kuwedzera muna 2025, nekushomeka kwezvinenge makumi mana muzana. Panguva imwecheteyo, kazhinji kugadzwa kweprojekiti, ruzivo rwekuodha uye hurongwa hwekudyara hunoratidzawo kuti makambani emotokari epasi rese achaita zvizere kuyedza mukushandurwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi. (Mushure mekudyara kwaHonda muNingde Times, Volkswagen yakava mugovani mukuru weGuoxuan High-tech uye Daimler akadyara mari muFUST, Wanxiang akave mutengesi weVolkswagen uye Yiwei Lithium Energy ichakurumidza kuve mutengesi weBMW.)
