Gungwa Dzvukudambudziko rinogona kukanganisa kutakura kwepasirese,
Gungwa Dzvuku,

▍ Chii chinonzi CB Certification?

IECEE CB ndiyo yekutanga yechokwadi yepasirese sisitimu yekuzivikanwa pamwe chete kwemagetsi emagetsi ekuchengetedza bvunzo mishumo. NCB (National Certification Body) inosvika pachibvumirano chenyika dzakawanda, icho chinoita kuti vagadziri vawane chitupa chenyika kubva kune dzimwe nyika nhengo pasi pechirongwa cheCB nechikonzero chekuendesa chimwe chezvitupa zveNCB.

Chitupa cheCB igwaro repamutemo reCB scheme rakapihwa neNCB ine mvumo, inova yekuzivisa imwe NCB kuti masampula echigadzirwa akaedzwa anowirirana nezvinodiwa zvakajairwa.

Serudzi rwemushumo wakamisikidzwa, mushumo weCB unonyora zvakakodzera zvinodiwa kubva kuIEC yakajairika chinhu nechinhu. Chirevo cheCB hachingopi mhedzisiro yezvese zvinodiwa kuyedzwa, kuyerwa, kuonesa, kuongorora uye kuongorora nekujeka uye kusanzwisisika, asi zvakare kusanganisira mafoto, dhizaini redunhu, mapikicha uye tsananguro yechigadzirwa. Zvinoenderana nemutemo weCB scheme, chirevo cheCB hachizoshanda kudzamara chaunza chitupa cheCB pamwechete.

▍ Nei tichida CB Certification?

1. Directlyrecognized or approvedbynhengonyika

Iine CB chitupa uye CB test report, zvigadzirwa zvako zvinogona kutumirwa kune dzimwe nyika zvakananga.

1. Shandura kune dzimwe nyika zvitupa

Chitupa cheCB chinogona kushandurwa zvakananga kuchitupa chenyika dzenhengo dzayo, nekupa chitupa cheCB, mushumo webvunzo uye mutsauko webvunzo mushumo (kana uchishanda) pasina kudzokorora bvunzo, izvo zvinogona kupfupisa nguva yekutungamira yechitupa.

1. Ita shuwa Kuchengetedzeka kweChigadzirwa

Iyo CB certification bvunzo inotarisa kushandiswa zvine musoro kwechigadzirwa uye chengetedzo inofanoona kana ikashandiswa zvisizvo. Chigadzirwa chakasimbiswa chinoratidza kugutsikana kwezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza.

▍ Neiko MCM?

● Zvikwaniriso:MCM ndiyo yekutanga kupihwa mvumo CBTL yeIEC 62133 yakajairwa kufanirwa neTUV RH mudunhu reChina.

● Certification uye kuyedza kugona:MCM iri pakati pekutanga kuyedza uye certification yechitatu bato yeIEC62133 yakajairwa, uye yapedza zvinopfuura zviuru zvinomwe zvebhatiri IEC62133 kuyedza uye CB mishumo yevatengi vepasirese.

● Rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi:MCM ine anopfuura gumi neshanu mainjiniya ane hunyanzvi mukuyedza sepaIEC 62133 standard. MCM inopa vatengi ruzivo rwakakwana, rwakakwana, rwakavharika-loop yerutsigiro rwehunyanzvi uye inotungamira-kumucheto ruzivo masevhisi.

Gungwa Dzvuku ndiyo chete nzira yekuti zvikepe zvifambe pakati peAtlantic neIndian Oceans. Inowanikwa panosangana makondinendi maviri eAsia neAfrica. Kumaodzanyemba kwaro kunobatanidza Gungwa reArabia neIndian Ocean kuburikidza neBab el-Mandeb Strait, uye mugumo wayo wekuchamhembe unobatanidza neGungwa reMediterranean neAtlantic Ocean kuburikidza neSuez Canal. Nzira yekupfuura nemuBab el-Mandeb Strait, Gungwa Dzvuku neSuez Canal ndiyo imwe yenzira dzekutakura dzakabatikana zvikuru pasi rose. Iyo Suez Canal pari zvino inofanirwa kunge iri iyo yakakura kwazvo yekufambisa tsinga pasi rose, kunyanya apo Panama Canal parizvino yakatarisana nekushomeka kwakanyanya kwemvura uye kuderedzwa kwekufamba. Senzira huru yekufambisa yeAsia-Europe, Asia-Mediterranean, uye Asia-Eastern United States nzira, iyo Suez Canal, kukanganisa kwayo pakutengeserana kwepasirese nekutakura kwengarava kuri kuwedzera kukosha. Sekureva kweNeue Zürcher Zeitung, ingangoita gumi nembiri muzana yezvifambiso zvepasi rose zvinopfuura nemuGungwa Dzvuku neSuez Canal. Kubva pakatanga kurwiswa kutsva kwePalestine-Israel, mauto eHouthi eYemen agara achikanda kurwisa kweIsrael. zvikonzero zve "kutsigira Palestine" uye vakaramba vachirwisa ngarava "dzakabatana neIsrael" muGungwa Dzvuku. Tichifunga nezvenhau dziri kuramba dzichiitika dzezvikepe zvekutengesa zviri kurwiswa padyo neRed Sea-Mandeb Strait, hofori zhinji dzekutakura pasirese - Swiss Mediterranean, Danish Maersk, French CMA CGM, German Hapag-Lloyd, etc. vazivisa kudzivirira iyo Tsvuku. Nzira yegungwa. Kubva muna Zvita 18, 2023, makambani mashanu epamusoro epasi rose ekutakura zvikepe akazivisa kumiswa kwekufamba kwechikepe paRed Sea-Suez waterway. Pamusoro pezvo, COSCO, Orient Overseas Shipping (OOCL) uye Evergreen Marine Corporation (EMC) vakatiwo ngarava dzavo dzemidziyo dzichamisa kufamba muGungwa Dzvuku. Panguva ino, makambani makuru epasi rose ekutakura makonita atanga kana kuti ave kuda kumisa kufamba kwechikepe paRed Sea-Suez.
Dambudziko reGungwa Dzvuku rakarambidza kubhurocha munzira dzese dzekumavirira muEast Asia, kusanganisira kuMiddle East, Red Sea, North Africa, Black Sea, kumabvazuva kweMedithera, kumadokero kweMedithera nekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweEurope.
Dambudziko rinowanzoitika pari zvino, pamusoro pekukwira kwemitengo, kushaikwa kwenzvimbo. Kuwanda kwekambani yekutumira kwakasimba, kutakurwa kwemugungwa kwakakwira, uye gaka rakakura mumidziyo isina chinhu yakonzera kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvine njodzi (zvine lithium bhatiri cargo) zvirambwe kubhukidzwa. Kunyanya kupihwa kune general cargo muchikepe. Mitsetse yekutakura zvinhu yatanga kuda kuti zvinotakura zvinhu zvaienda kuGungwa Dzvuku zvigadziriswe kutenderera Cape of Good Hope. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chepakutanga chinotakura zvinhu chinoda kugadziriswa uye nguva yekufambisa inoda kuwedzerwa.
Kana mutengi asingabvumirani nekutsauswa, vanozokumbirwa kuti vabvise zvinhu uye vadzose mudziyo. Kana mudziyo ukaramba uripo, imwe mari yekuwedzera yekushandisa inofanira kubhadharwa. Zvinonzwisiswa kuti imwe US$1,700 ichachajwa pamudziyo wega wega une makumbo makumi maviri, uye imwe US$2,600 ichachajwa pamudziyo wega wega une makumbo makumi mana.